Blog - TCWGlobal

Sick Leave for Michigan Employees: What You Need to Know in 2025

Written by TCWGlobal | Mar 31, 2025 4:45:34 PM

 

Let me paint a picture of Michigan's sick leave landscape that's as dynamic as the Great Lakes themselves:

Ever woken up in Detroit with a cold that makes the Renaissance Center look hazy, or caught the flu while working in Grand Rapids that not even the best cherry pie from Traverse City could cure? Whether you're manufacturing automobiles in Dearborn, brewing craft beer in Kalamazoo, or developing software in Ann Arbor's tech corridor, understanding Michigan's approach to sick leave is as essential as knowing how to point to your hometown on your hand.

Key Objectives: 

  1. Does Michigan Require Paid Sick Leave?
  2. How Paid Sick leave Works in Michigan 
  3. When Can Sick Leave Be Used?
  4. Employer Obligations Under PMLA
  5. Carryover and Payout of Sick Leave
  6. Interactions with Federal Laws
  7. COVID-19 and Sick Leave
  8. FAQs About Sick Leave in Michigan
  9. Common Misconceptions About Sick Leave in Michigan
  10. Why Sick Leave Matters

Here's what makes Michigan's approach special: The Paid Medical Leave Act requires employers with 50 or more employees to provide paid sick leave. Like the steady flow of the Straits of Mackinac, eligible employees earn one hour of paid sick leave for every 35 hours worked, up to 40 hours per year. Just as the Mighty Mac connects our peninsulas, this law connects workers to the time they need to care for themselves and their families.

Michigan protects workers through the Paid Medical Leave Act (PMLA), which ensures access to paid sick leave for many employees in the state. The law, which went into effect on March 29, 2019, applies to businesses with 50 or more employees. This guide outlines what Michigan employees and employers need to know about sick leave in 2025.

 

Does Michigan Require Paid Sick Leave?

Yes, under the Paid Medical Leave Act (PMLA), Michigan requires covered employers to provide eligible employees with paid medical leave. The law sets minimum standards for accrual, usage, and employer obligations.

 

How Paid Sick Leave Works in Michigan

Who Is Covered?

  • Covered Employers: Businesses with 50 or more employees.
  • Eligible Employees:
    • Must work at least 25 hours per week on average.
    • Includes full-time and part-time employees.
    • Exclusions:
      • Employees classified as exempt under the federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA).
      • Seasonal, temporary, or independent contractors.
      • Employees who work fewer than 25 hours per week.
      • Workers in certain industries, such as airline flight deck and cabin crew.

Accrual and Usage

  • Employees accrue 1 hour of paid medical leave for every 35 hours worked, up to a maximum of 40 hours per year.
  • Employers may choose to provide the full 40 hours of leave at the start of the year instead of using the accrual method.
  • Unused paid leave may carry over to the next year, but employers are not required to allow employees to use more than 40 hours in a single year.

 

When Can Paid Sick Leave Be Used?

Employees may use accrued paid medical leave for:

  1. Personal Health:
    • Illness, injury, or medical conditions.
    • Preventive care or routine medical appointments.
  2. Family Care:
    • Caring for a family member with a physical or mental illness, injury, or medical condition.
  3. Public Health Emergencies:
    • If the workplace or child’s school/childcare is closed due to a public health emergency.
  4. Domestic Violence or Sexual Assault Recovery:
    • Seeking medical attention, counseling, relocation, or legal assistance.

Covered family members include:

  • Spouses or domestic partners.
  • Children, parents, grandparents, and grandchildren.
  • Siblings (including in-laws).

 

Employer Obligations Under PMLA

Employers must:

  1. Provide Notice: Inform employees of their rights under the PMLA by displaying a poster in the workplace and sharing the policy in an employee handbook (if one exists).
  2. Track Accrual and Usage: Maintain records of hours worked, leave accrued, and leave taken for at least one year.
  3. Prohibit Retaliation: Ensure employees are not penalized for using their accrued paid medical leave.

Failure to comply with the PMLA can result in penalties, including fines.

 

Carryover and Payout of Paid Sick Leave

  • Carryover Rules: Employees may carry over unused paid leave to the next year, but employers can cap total usage at 40 hours annually.
  • Payout at Termination: Employers are not required to pay out unused paid medical leave upon termination unless explicitly stated in their company policy.

 

Interaction with Federal Laws

The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) provides additional protections for unpaid, job-protected leave. Eligible employees may use FMLA leave for qualifying reasons, which include:

  • Personal or family serious health conditions.
  • Parental leave for the birth, adoption, or foster placement of a child.

While the PMLA provides paid leave, FMLA ensures job protection for up to 12 weeks per year for eligible employees.

 

 

COVID-19 and Sick Leave

Although federal COVID-19-specific leave mandates, such as the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA), have expired, Michigan employees may use their accrued paid medical leave under the PMLA for COVID-19-related reasons, such as:

  • Testing, recovery, or treatment.
  • Quarantine or isolation due to exposure.
  • Caring for a family member affected by COVID-19.

 

FAQs About Paid Sick Leave in Michigan

Q: Can employers require documentation for sick leave?

A: Yes, employers may request reasonable documentation, such as a doctor’s note, if an employee is absent for three or more consecutive days.

Q: Can unused paid medical leave carry over to the next year?

A: Yes, unused leave can carry over, but employers are only required to allow employees to use up to 40 hours in a single year.

Q: Are part-time employees eligible for paid medical leave?

A: Yes, part-time employees are eligible if they work at least 25 hours per week on average and meet other eligibility requirements.

 

Common Misconceptions About Sick Leave in Michigan

  1. “All employers in Michigan must provide paid sick leave.”

False. Only employers with 50 or more employees are required to provide paid medical leave under the PMLA.

  1. “Unused sick leave must be paid out when an employee leaves.”

False. The PMLA does not require employers to pay out unused leave unless specified in their policies.

  1. “Sick leave can only be used for personal illness.”

False. Paid medical leave can also be used for family care, public health emergencies, and recovery from domestic violence or sexual assault.

 

Why Paid Sick Leave Matters

Michigan’s Paid Medical Leave Act ensures that employees can take care of their health and family needs without sacrificing income. For employers, providing paid leave fosters a healthier workforce, reduces turnover, and improves employee satisfaction.

 

Final Thoughts

Understanding your sick leave rights in Michigan can feel like navigating the Sleeping Bear Dunes - challenging but worth the effort. Whether you're an employee trying to understand your benefits or an employer looking to create supportive policies, staying informed is crucial.

If you're a business looking to navigate Michigan's employment landscape while expanding your workforce, consider partnering with an Employer of Record (EOR) service. They can help manage your HR compliance, payroll, and benefits administration while you focus on growing your business. Learn more about EOR services and how they can simplify your employment needs at TCW Global's EOR solutions.

Remember, just as our state motto declares, "Si Quaeris Peninsulam Amoenam Circumspice" (If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you), creating supportive time-off policies isn't just good for employees - it's good for business. Like a Perfect Coney Island hot dog, the right combination of ingredients makes everything work better.

Need specific guidance? Consider consulting with your HR department, reviewing your employee handbook, or speaking with an employment law professional who understands Michigan's unique business environment, where Midwestern values meet modern workplace needs.

Michigan’s Paid Medical Leave Act provides critical protections for many workers across the state. However, it’s important for employees and employers to understand the law’s scope and limitations. Public-sector workers and those employed by smaller businesses may need to rely on employer-specific policies or federal protections like FMLA.

For more information, visit the Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs or consult your employer’s handbook. Public employees should contact their HR department for details about specific sick leave policies.

 

Need Help?

Need help managing your contingent workforce? Contact TCWGlobal today to learn more.

Whether you need expertise in Employer of Record (EOR) services, Managed Service Provider (MSP) solutions, or Vendor Management Systems (VMS), our team is equipped to support your business needs.

We specialize in addressing worker misclassification, offering comprehensive payroll solutions, and managing global payroll intricacies. 

From remote workforce management to workforce compliance, and from international hiring to employee benefits administration, TCWGlobal has the experience and resources to streamline your HR functions.

Our services also include HR outsourcing, talent acquisition, freelancer management, and contractor compliance, ensuring seamless cross-border employment and adherence to labor laws. 

We help you navigate employment contracts, tax compliance, workforce flexibility, and risk mitigation, all tailored to your unique business requirements. Contact us today at tcwglobal.com or email us at hello@tcwglobal.com to discover how we can help your organization thrive in today's dynamic work environment. Let TCWGlobal assist with all your payrolling needs!