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Sick Leave for Missouri Employees: What You Need to Know in 2025

Written by TCWGlobal | Mar 31, 2025 4:42:50 PM

Let me paint a picture of Missouri's sick leave landscape that's as diverse as the Ozarks to the Gateway Arch:

Ever woken up in St. Louis with a cold that makes the Gateway Arch look crooked, or caught the flu while working in Kansas City that not even the best burnt ends and BBQ sauce could cure?

Key Objectives: 

  1. Does Michigan Require Paid Sick Leave?
  2. Federal Protections for Sick Leave 
  3. Employer Practices For Sick Leave
  4. When Can Sick Leave Be Used? 
  5.  Public-Sector Employees in Missouri
  6. COVID-19 and Sick Leave
  7.  Key Considerations for Employers
  8. FAQs About Sick Leave in Missouri
  9. Common Misconceptions About Sick Leave in Missouri
  10. Why Sick Leave Matters

Whether you're brewing beer at one of St. Louis's historic breweries, programming at a tech startup in the Innovation District, or working tourism in Branson, understanding Missouri's approach to sick leave is as crucial as knowing which side of the state makes the better BBQ (we won't take sides!).

Here's what makes Missouri's approach distinctive: Like the confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, the Show-Me State shows us a traditional approach where sick leave policies flow from individual employers rather than state mandate.

While Missouri doesn't require private employers to provide paid sick leave, many businesses choose to offer it voluntarily. Just as the Pony Express once carried messages across our state, today's workers carry different benefit packages depending on their employer and industry.

Missouri does not have a state law requiring private-sector employers to provide paid or unpaid sick leave. However, employees in Missouri may still have access to sick leave through employer-provided benefits, federal protections, or public-sector policies. Here's an updated guide to sick leave for Missouri employees in 2025.

 

Does Missouri Require Paid Sick Leave?

No, Missouri does not mandate paid sick leave for private-sector employees. Employers in the state are free to establish their own sick leave policies, and many include sick leave or Paid Time Off (PTO) in their benefits packages to attract and retain employees.

Public-sector employees, such as state workers, typically have more defined sick leave benefits through state policies.

 

Federal Protections for Sick Leave

Employees in Missouri may qualify for unpaid, job-protected leave under the federal Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA).

FMLA Overview

  • Eligibility: Employees must work for an employer with at least 50 employees within a 75-mile radius, have worked for the employer for at least 12 months, and have logged at least 1,250 hours in the previous year.
  • Leave Benefits: Provides up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave per year.

FMLA covers leave for:

  • Personal serious health conditions.
  • Caring for a spouse, child, or parent with a serious health condition.
  • The birth, adoption, or foster placement of a child.
  • Certain military caregiving needs.

 

Employer Practices for Sick Leave in Missouri

Although not required by law, many Missouri employers voluntarily offer sick leave or PTO. Common features of employer-provided sick leave include:

  • Accrual-Based Systems: Employees accrue sick leave based on hours worked, such as 1 hour of leave for every 30 hours worked.
  • PTO Banks: Employers may combine vacation, sick leave, and personal days into a single PTO policy.
  • Carryover Policies: Some employers allow unused sick leave to roll over into the next year, but this is not mandated by state law.

Employees should consult their employer’s handbook for details on accrual, usage, and carryover policies.

 

When Can Sick Leave Be Used?

Sick leave policies vary by employer, but common uses include:

  • Personal Illness or Injury: Recovering from illness or injury or attending medical appointments.
  • Family Care: Caring for a sick family member.
  • Preventive Care: Routine medical checkups, screenings, or vaccinations.
  • Domestic Violence Recovery: Some employers allow sick leave for employees dealing with domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking.

Covered family members often include:

  • Spouses or domestic partners.
  • Children (biological, adopted, foster, or stepchildren).
  • Parents, grandparents, and siblings.

 

Public-Sector Employees in Missouri

Public-sector employees in Missouri typically have access to more structured sick leave benefits:

  • Accrual: Full-time state employees generally accrue 10 hours of sick leave per month (15 days per year).
  • Carryover: Unused sick leave can accumulate indefinitely and may be converted into retirement credits for eligible employees.
  • Usage: Sick leave may be used for personal illness or to care for immediate family members.

Public-sector employees should consult their agency policies or collective bargaining agreements for details.

 

COVID-19 and Sick Leave

Federal COVID-19-specific leave mandates, such as those under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA), have expired. However, many employers in Missouri continue to allow accrued sick leave to be used for COVID-19-related reasons, such as:

  • Testing, recovery, or treatment.
  • Quarantine or isolation due to exposure.
  • Caring for a family member affected by COVID-19.

 

Key Considerations for Employers in Missouri

Employers in Missouri are encouraged to establish clear sick leave policies to support their workforce. Offering sick leave benefits employers in the following ways:

  • Attracting Talent: Comprehensive benefits help employers compete in today’s job market.
  • Promoting Workplace Health: Encouraging employees to stay home when sick reduces the spread of illness.
  • Boosting Productivity: Employees who feel supported are more likely to be engaged and productive.

Employers should outline their sick leave policies in employee handbooks and ensure compliance with federal laws like FMLA.

 

FAQs About Sick Leave in Missouri

Q: Can an employer require a doctor’s note?

A: Yes, employers in Missouri can request documentation, such as a doctor’s note, for extended absences, typically after three consecutive days of sick leave.

Q: Are part-time or temporary employees eligible for sick leave?

A: This depends on the employer’s policy. While Missouri law does not require it, many employers voluntarily extend sick leave benefits to part-time or temporary workers.

Q: What happens to unused sick leave?

A: Unused sick leave policies vary. Some employers allow unused leave to carry over to the next year, but Missouri law does not mandate this.

 

Common Misconceptions About Sick Leave in Missouri

  1. “Missouri requires all employers to provide paid sick leave.”

False. Missouri does not have a statewide mandate for paid or unpaid sick leave for private-sector employees.

  1. “Unused sick leave must be paid out when an employee leaves.”

False. Missouri law does not require employers to pay out unused sick leave unless explicitly stated in the employer’s policy.

  1. “Sick leave is only for full-time employees.”

False. Many employers voluntarily offer sick leave to part-time and temporary employees, though this is not mandated by law.

 

Why Sick Leave Matters

Sick leave supports employee well-being, improves workplace morale, and boosts productivity. While Missouri does not mandate sick leave for private-sector workers, offering it helps create a healthier workplace and reduces turnover.

 

Final Thoughts

Understanding your sick leave rights in Missouri can feel like exploring the Lake of the Ozarks - there are lots of twists and turns to navigate. Whether you're an employee trying to understand your benefits or an employer looking to create supportive policies, staying informed is crucial.

If you're a business looking to navigate Missouri's employment landscape while expanding your workforce, consider partnering with an Employer of Record (EOR) service. They can help manage your HR compliance, payroll, and benefits administration while you focus on growing your business. Learn more about EOR services and how they can simplify your employment needs at TCW Global's EOR solutions.

Remember, just as our state motto declares, "Salus Populi Suprema Lex Esto" (Let the Welfare of the People Be the Supreme Law), creating supportive time-off policies isn't just good for employees - it's good for business. Like our famous gooey butter cake, the right ingredients make everything work better.

Need specific guidance? Consider consulting with your HR department, reviewing your employee handbook, or speaking with an employment law professional who understands Missouri's unique business environment, where Midwestern practicality meets Show-Me State independence.

In Missouri, sick leave policies for private-sector employees are largely determined by individual employers, while federal protections like FMLA offer additional support for eligible workers. Public-sector employees typically benefit from more structured sick leave policies.

For more information, visit the U.S. Department of Labor or consult your employer’s handbook. Public-sector employees should contact their HR department for specific sick leave policies.