Turkey
There are no official subcategories of Workers in Turkey.
Fixed-term contracts are only permissible when there is an objective reason to make it a fixed-term, such as project based work. If there isn't an objective reason, the contract will deemed indefinite. Successive fixed-term contracts that are not accompanied by objective justification will also be deemed indefinite.
Probationary periods are permitted up to two months. It can be extended up to four months with the Worker's agreement. During the probationary period, the contract can be terminated without notice and there is no obligation for severance.
In Turkey, Workers are entitled to 8 paid public holidays, some of the holidays are multiple days in duration.
After one year of service, Workers are entitled to annual leave as follows: 1 – 5 years: 14 days; 6 – 15 years: 20 days, and over 15 years: 26 days. Workers under the age of 18 or over the age of 50 must receive at least 20 days of annual leave. Annual leave can be carried over to subsequent years. Any accrued but unused leave must be paid at the time of termination.
Workers are entitled to sick pay from the government equal to either two-thirds or one-half of the daily gross wage depending on the nature of the injury or illness. That sick pay is paid by the employer and recouped from the government. Workers must provide a medical note and if the injury or illness exceeds ten days, the medical note must be from a doctor's panel rather than a single doctor.
There is no standard workweek in Turkey, however, full-time working hours, may not be more than 45 hours per week. Workers must be provided at least 24 hours of rest each week.
Work must not exceed 11 hours in one day or 45 hours per week. Otherwise, they must consent in writing. All overtime beyond the normal weekly hours to the 45 hour cap is payable at 125%. Overtime beyond the 45 hour cap is payable at 150%. Time off in lieu of payment for overtime is permissible. Overtime cannot exceed 270 hours per year or 22.5 hours per month.
There are no mandatory bonuses in Turkey.
Workers are entitled to notice of termination based on length of service: 0 - 6 months of service: 2 weeks' notice; 6 - 18 months of service: 4 weeks' notice; 18 months - 3 years of service: 6 weeks' notice; and 3 years or more of service: 8 weeks' notice. If the Worker has worked for at least one year and termination is not for cause, that Worker is entitled to severance equal to 30 days’ gross salary for each year of service subject to applicable caps. Severance is not due if the termination is due to immoral, dishonorable, or malicious conduct. When good cause exists for termination, termination must be effectuated within six working days of learning of the conduct justifying the termination.
Resignation must be provided by the Worker in writing.
Common benefits provided to Workers include private health insurance, a lunch allowance, pension payment, transportation allowances, and work from home options.
Turkish law provides for three days of leave due to the marriage of a Worker.
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